Eyes & Lichty

"Eyes & Lichty" is scene slang for the excellent manual "Programming the 65816 Including the 6502, 65C02, and 65802" by David Eyes & Ron Lichty. It may be the best unofficial textbook on SNES programming, due in no small part to the fact that the Ricoh 5A22 is based on the 65c816 and the SPC700 is based on the 6502.

Addressing Mode

Eyes & Lichty divides the 65c816's various addressing modes into two groups: simple and complex. Simple addressing modes are explained first and require the processor to do little effective address calculation. They are:

Simple Addressing Modes

• Immediate
• Absolute
• Direct Page
• Accumulator
• Implied
• Stack
• Direct Page Indirect
• Absolute Long
• Direct Page Indirect Long
• Block Move

see page 108

Complex Addressing Modes

• Absolute Indexed with X
• Absolute Indexed with Y
• Direct Page Indexed with X
• Direct Page Indexed with Y
• Direct Page Indirect Indexed with Y
• Direct Page Indexed Indirect with X
• Absolute Indexed Indirect
• Direct Page
• Absolute Long Indexed With X
• Direct Page Indirect Long Indexed with Y
• Stack Relative
• Stack Relative Indirect Indexed with Y

see page 197

Eratta

• page 497 recommends making sure the carry flag is already set, or to set it with SEC prior to doing a SBC to "avoid subtracting the carry flag" but it should say "to avoid subtracting one"
• page 510 on TCD and page 512 on TDC mentions the direct page register, but this is missing from the index
• In the tables that show which MPU supports which instructions, an "X" denotes yes and a " " denotes no. Many readers would find a check mark less confusing.
• The Rockwell 65c02 does not have a direct page, but the four Rockwell instructions are listed as having Direct Page Addressing anyway "for consistency."
• The 65c02 datasheet does mention WAI is supported
• The addressing mode for WDM is missing, but the datasheet says it is Implied
• Assemblers are described as requiring the signature byte for COP, but on the next page it says the signature byte is optional
• The page on PLA has a typo that says the 65x pull instructions "set" the zero and negative flags; it should say "affect."

Quick Links

• Table of Contents
• Preface
• Acknowledgments
• Foreword
• Introduction
• How to Use this Book

Part I Basics

• Basic Assembly Language Programming Concepts

Part II Architecture

• Architecture of the 6502
• Architecture of the 65C02
• Sixteen-Bit Architecture: The 65816 and the 65802

Part III Tutorial

• SEP, REP, and Other Details
• First Examples: Moving Data
• The Simple Addressing Modes
• The Flow of Control
• Built-In Arithmetic Functions
• Logic and Bit Manipulation Operations
• The Complex Addressing Modes
• The Basic Building Block: The Subroutine
• Interrupts and System Control Instructions

Part IV Applications

• Selected Code Samples
• DEBUG16 - A 65816 Programming Tool
• Design and Debugging
• Reference
• The Addressing Modes
• The Instruction Sets

• ADC
• AND
• ASL
• BCC
• BCS
• BEQ
• BIT
• BMI
• BNE
• BPL
• BRA
• BRK
• BRL
• BVC
• BVS
• CLC
• CLD
• CLI
• CLV
• CMP
• COP
• CPX
• CPY
• DEC
• DEX
• DEY
• EOR
• INC
• INX
• INY
• JMP
• JSL
• JSR
• LDA
• LDX
• LDY
• LSR
• MVN
• MVP
• ORA
• PEA
• PEI
• PER
• PHA
• PHB
• PHD
• PHK
• PHP
• PHX
• PHY
• PLA
• PLB
• PLD
• PLP
• PLX
• PLY
• REP
• ROL
• ROR
• RTI
• RTL
• RTS
• SBC
• SEC
• SED
• SEI
• SEP
• STA
• STP
• STX
• STY
• STZ
• TAX
• TAY
• TCD
• TCS
• TDC
• TRB
• TSB
• TSC
• TSX
• TXA
• TXS
• TXY
• TYA
• TYA
• WAI
• WDM
• XBA
• XCE

• Instruction Lists
• Appendices
• 65x Signal Description
• 65x Series Support Chips
• The Rockwell 65C02
• BBR
• BBS
• RMB
• SMB
• Instruction Groups
• Group I Instructions
• Group II Instructions
• W65C816 Data Sheet
• The ASCII Character Set
• Index