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'''DEC''' (Decrement) is a 65x instruction that decrements the value in the location specified by the operand.
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!colspan="8"|Basic Info
!colspan="8"|Basic Info
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|'''Speed'''
|'''Speed'''
|+
|+
|accumulator
|[[Accumulator Addressing|Accumulator]]
|3A
|3A
|1 byte
|1 byte
|2 cycles
|2 cycles
|+
|+
|absolute
|[[Absolute]]
|CE
|CE
|3 bytes
|3 bytes
|6 cycles
|6 cycles*
|+
|+
|direct page
|[[Direct Page Addressing | Direct Page]]
|C6
|C6
|2 bytes
|2 bytes
|5 cycles
|5 cycles*
|+
|+
|absolute indexed X
|[[Absolute Indexed by X]]
|DE
|DE
|3 bytes
|3 bytes
|7 cycles
|7 cycles*
|+
|+
|direct page indexed X
|[[Direct Page Indexed by X]]
|D6
|D6
|2 bytes
|2 bytes
|6 cycles
|6 cycles*
|}
|}


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{| class="wikitable" style="float:right;clear:right;width:30%"
!colspan="9"|Flags Clobbered
!colspan="9"|Flags Affected
|+
|[[Negative Flag|N]]
|[[Overflow Flag|V]]
|[[M Flag|M]]
|[[X Flag|X]]
|[[Decimal Flag|D]]
|[[I Flag|I]]
|[[Zero Flag|Z]]
|[[Carry Flag|C]]
|+
|+
|N
|N
|V
|M
|X
|D
|I
|Z
|C
|+
|
|.
|.
|.
|.
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'''DEC''' (Decrement) is a 65x instruction that decrements the value in the location specified by the operand by one.  The size of the [[accumulator]] determines whether this is an 8 or 16 bit operation.  An alternate mnemonic when the operand is the accumulator is "DEA."
DEC ignores the [[decimal mode flag]] and the [[carry flag]].
==== Syntax ====
<pre>
DEC
DEC A
DEA
DEC addr
DEC dp
DEC addr, X
DEC dp, X
</pre>
If you need to subtract two or more from the [[accumulator]], consider [[SBC]] instead.
==== Cycle Penalties ====
* Except in [[accumulator addressing]], DEC takes two extra cycles when the accumulator is 16 bits wide.
* In [[direct page addressing]] modes, DEC takes an extra cycle when the low byte of the [[direct page register]] is nonzero
Although the NMOS 6502 does have DEC, it does not work on the accumulator.  When porting code to the 65c816, utilizing DEC more often instead of SBC can make code smaller and faster.


=== See Also ===
=== See Also ===
* [[INC]]
* [[INC]]
* [[DEX]]
* [[DEY]]
* [[DEC (SPC700)]]
* [[DEC (Super FX)]]


=== External Links ===
=== External Links ===
* [[Eyes & Lichty]] page on DEC: https://archive.org/details/0893037893ProgrammingThe65816/page/n477
* [[Eyes & Lichty]], [https://archive.org/details/0893037893ProgrammingThe65816/page/451 page 451] on DEC
* [[Labiak]] page on DEC: https://archive.org/details/Programming_the_65816/page/n148
* [[Labiak]], [https://archive.org/details/Programming_the_65816/page/n148 page 138] on DEC
* [[MCS6500 Manual]] page on DEC: https://archive.org/details/mos_microcomputers_programming_manual/page/n176
* 10.8 on [[MCS6500 Manual]], [https://archive.org/details/mos_microcomputers_programming_manual/page/n176 page 155] on DEC
* [[Carr]] page on DEC: https://archive.org/details/6502UsersManual/page/n270
* [[Carr]], [https://archive.org/details/6502UsersManual/page/n270 page 257] on DEC
* [[Leventhal]] page on DEC: https://archive.org/details/6502-assembly-language-programming/page/n109
* [[Leventhal]], [https://archive.org/details/6502-assembly-language-programming/page/n109 page 3-60] on DEC
* snes9x implementation of DEC: https://github.com/snes9xgit/snes9x/blob/master/cpuops.cpp#L482
* undisbeliever on DEC: https://undisbeliever.net/snesdev/65816-opcodes.html#dec-decrement
* Pickens, John. http://www.6502.org/tutorials/6502opcodes.html#DEC
* Clark, Bruce. http://www.6502.org/tutorials/65c816opcodes.html#6.1.1.3


[[Category:ASM]]
[[Category:ASM]]

Latest revision as of 23:24, 27 September 2024

Basic Info
Addressing Mode Opcode Length Speed
Accumulator 3A 1 byte 2 cycles
Absolute CE 3 bytes 6 cycles*
Direct Page C6 2 bytes 5 cycles*
Absolute Indexed by X DE 3 bytes 7 cycles*
Direct Page Indexed by X D6 2 bytes 6 cycles*
Flags Affected
N V M X D I Z C
N . . . . . Z .

DEC (Decrement) is a 65x instruction that decrements the value in the location specified by the operand by one. The size of the accumulator determines whether this is an 8 or 16 bit operation. An alternate mnemonic when the operand is the accumulator is "DEA."

DEC ignores the decimal mode flag and the carry flag.

Syntax

DEC
DEC A
DEA
DEC addr
DEC dp
DEC addr, X
DEC dp, X

If you need to subtract two or more from the accumulator, consider SBC instead.

Cycle Penalties

Although the NMOS 6502 does have DEC, it does not work on the accumulator. When porting code to the 65c816, utilizing DEC more often instead of SBC can make code smaller and faster.

See Also

External Links